中文摘要：

介绍了近年来合成高分子模板法、生物高分子模板法、表面活性剂模板法、有机小分子添加剂模板法制备纳米材料的研究进展，重点介绍了模板剂诱导不同形貌和结构的纳米材料形成的作用机理。因合成高分子模板制备简单，结构设计灵活，生物高分子模板绿色环保，能更精确调控纳米材料结构，故详细综述了这2种方法。

英文摘要：

The progress of research on synthesis of nanomaterials with polymer templating method, biomacromolecule templating method, surfactant templating method and small molecule organic additives templating method are summarized, with emphasis on the scheme about synthesis of nanomaterials with different morphologies and structures that template induce. Because of simple synthetic method and flexible structure design of polymer templating, non-polluting and precisely regulating the nanostructures of biomacromolecule templating, so they are reviewed detailedly.