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中文摘要：
在中印度洋洋脊Edmond热液场瘤状结构体内壁发现了数毫米厚的浅黄褐色．白色微生物席．这些微生物席内生存着多种长杆、短杆和螺旋杆状微生物，其共同特征是微生物表面被厚的矿质层所包裹．能谱化学分析表明，微生物表面的矿质层由大量二氧化硅和少量铁氧化物组成．透射电子显微镜分析发现，针状含铁物质不但非均匀地吸附在微生物细胞壁表面，亦在微生物细胞内物质中沉淀，说明铁在细胞壁表面和细胞内物质中均发生了一定程度的生物富集．席中微生物的硅化以二氧化硅聚合物在微生物表面的均匀沉淀以及硅叠层的定向排列为特征，二氧化硅在微生物表面的沉淀可能主要受热液无机沉淀过程所控制．Edmond热液场中微生物席中微生物硅化和铁化现象的发现，表明该热液场中部分二氧化硅和铁的沉淀过程与微生物密切相关．由于热液活动提供了微生物成矿过程所必需的成矿元素来源，这种微生物成矿作用实际上在一定程度上受洋底热液活动所驱动．
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