中文摘要：

目的 探讨在人工髋关节翻修手术中,根据Harris窝及髋臼切迹的残存解剖标记,定位髋臼中心点,正确安装髋臼假体和重建髋关节旋转中心的可行性.方法 2007年4月至2009年6月,行28例髋关节翻修术.依据Paprosky分型：Ⅰ型3例,采用生物固定型髋臼假体;ⅡA和ⅡB型8例,采用打压颗粒骨植骨和大直径骨水泥型髋臼假体固定;ⅡC、ⅢA和ⅢB型17例,采用打压颗粒骨植骨和髋臼加强杯固定,其中5例有髋臼内壁穿透者采用结构性和颗粒性植骨.手术中在髋臼切迹连线的垂直平分线上方25～28mm、Harris窝窝内头侧接近原月状软骨面处,定位为原髋臼中心点,以该点为同心圆的圆心安装髋臼杯假体（Ⅰ型）或打压植骨造臼,按照俯倾角40°～45°、前倾角15°～20°安放髋臼加强杯（Ⅱ、Ⅲ型）.手术前后摄双侧髋关节正位X线片,测量髋关节旋转中心至两侧泪滴连线的垂直距离和至泪滴的水平距离.分别与术前和健侧比较,评价髋关节旋转中心的重建效果.结果 髋关节旋转中心至两侧泪滴连线的垂直距离：术前为（32.64±4.51）mm,术后为（14.22±3.39）mm,差异有统计学意义（t=3.65,P＜0.05）.髋关节旋转中心至泪滴的水平距离：术前为（25.13±3.46）mm,术后为（32.87±4.73）mm,差异有统计学意义（t=2.72,P＜0.05）.结论 在髋关节翻修手术中,以残存的Harris窝和髋臼切迹为解剖标记,定位髋臼中心点,能够较准确地安装髋臼假体和有效重建髋关节旋转中心.

英文摘要：

Objective To discuss the feasibility of positioning the acetabular center,fixing acetabular implant correctly and reconstructing hip rotation center according to Harris fossa and the remaining anatomical markers of acetabular notch in revision hip arthroplasty.Methods Twenty-eight patients underwent revision hip arthroplasty from April 2007 to June 2009.Based on Paprosky type,3 cases with type Ⅰ were treated with biological fixed acetabular component;8 cases with ⅡA and ⅡB were reconstructed with using of morselized bone grafting and large diameter cemented acetabular prosthesis;17 cases with type ⅡC,ⅢA and ⅢB were treated with using of morselized bone grafting and fixation of acetabular reinforcement ring.Among them,5 patients with massive bone loss in acetabular wall were reconstructed with the use of the structural and morselized bone grafting.The center of the original acetabulum was believed to be in the lunate cartilage surface which was closed to Harris fossa.During the operation,the center was located in the site which was 25-28 mm above in line with perpendicular bisector of acetabular notch connecting line.The acetabular center was the point of positioning acetabular prosthesis （Ⅰ type） or making new acetabulum by impaction bone grafting.Acetabular reinforcement ring （Ⅱ,Ⅲ type） was fixed in accordance with proper transverse angle and anteversion angle.The vertical distance from hip rotation center to teardrop connection and the horizontal distance from hip rotation center to teardrop were measured on preoperative and postoperative radiograph.And the outcomes of reconstruction of rotation center were evaluated.Results The vertical distance was changed from （14.22±3.39） mm preoperatively to （32.64±4.51） mm postoperatively.The difference was statistically significant （t=3.65,P＜ 0.05）.The horizontal distance was changed from （25.13±3.46）mm preoperatively to （32.87±4.73） mm postoperatively.The difference was statistically significant （t=2.72,P＜0.05）.C