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中文摘要：
提高了Cu含量的核反应堆压力容器（reactorpressurevessel，RPV）模拟钢样品，经过880℃水淬、660℃调质处理和400oC1000～4000h的等温时效处理，观察到纳米富Cu相的析出；随后进行20％～30％冷轧变形，采用萃取复型（extractionreplica，ER）和高分辨透射电镜（highresolutiontransmissionelectronmicroscopy，HRTEM）的方法研究纳米富Cu相的变形特征．研究结果表明，镶嵌在α—Fe基体中的纳米富Cu相，在冷轧变形时的变形机制较为复杂，存在多种变形方式．当纳米富Cu相的晶体处于有利取向时，可以跟随基体一起发生滑移变形，表现为“软”颗粒的特性；当晶体处于不利取向时，会发生孪生变形，甚至诱发马氏体相变，有时生成“轮毂辐条”状的孪晶结构，大大提高了纳米富Cu相继续变形时的抗力，表现为“硬”颗粒的特征，因而析出纳米富Cu相会产生明显的强化作用．
英文摘要：
The nano-scale Cu-rich precipitates in reactor pressure vessel （RPV） model steel after water quenching, tempering and thermal aging at 400℃has been investigated by extraction replica （ER） and high resolution transmission electron microscopy （HRTEM）. Samples were cold-rolled by 20% -30% after aging to study the deformation characterization of Cu-rich precipitates. The results show that the deformation characterization of the nanometer Cu-rich precipitates is complicated due to the restriction of α-Fe matrix. Different deformation mechanisms are detected. When the Cu-rieh precipitates are located in a favorable orientation, they will be deformed by slipping together with the deformation of α-Fe matrix to show the particles of ＂soft＂ characteristic. When the Cu-rich precipitates are located in an unfavorable orientation, they will be deformed by twinning to form the spoke-like twins within a Cu-rich precipitate, even a martensitic phase transformation induced by strain. In this case, the Cu-rich precipitates show the particles of ＂hard＂ characteristic. Therefore the precipitation hardening occurs after the formation of Cu- rich precipitates in α-Fe matrix.
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