中文摘要：

产业结构升级对能源效率贡献的差异需要从结构演进方向上进行研究。本文将产业结构演进方向分解为合理化与高级化两个维度,以劳动和资本要素生产率为基础重新构建产业结构升级的评价指标,并通过建立普通模型、增长模型与弹性模型实证检验产业结构演进方向对能源效率及其增长率的影响。研究结果表明：产业结构演进方向对能源效率及其增长率具有显著影响,能源效率的提高主要来自产业结构高级化的贡献,产业结构合理化程度的降低显著地抑制了能源效率的提高,并且产业结构合理化与高级化两者之间差距的扩大有可能会导致进一步的负效应,而清洁能源消费比重的上升对能源效率提高具有正向效应。因此,本文认为未来产业政策的趋向应重点引导改变不合理的产业结构现状,降低其对能源效率的抑制作用,并同时缩小产业结构合理化与高级化之间的差距;而能源政策的倾向则应重点提高清洁能源的消费比重,以天然气等清洁能源替代煤炭投入来促进能源效率的改善。

英文摘要：

The difference in the contribution of industrial structural upgrading to energy efficiency needs to be studied from the structural evolution direction as different directions have different influences on energy efficiency. We decomposed the structural evolution direction into two dimensions of industrial structure rationalization and industrial structure optimization,rebuilt the industrial structural upgrading evaluation index on the basis of factor productivity of labor and capital,and analyzed the effects of industrial structural upgrading on energy efficiency and its growth rate using regular,growth and elastic models. We found that the industrial structural evolution direction has a significant influence on energy efficiency and its growth rate;the improvement in energy efficiency is mainly because of optimization of industrial structure,while a decrease in rationalization level inhibits improvements in energy efficiency and its growth rate. The expansion of the gap between the two directions of industrial structural rationalization and industrial structural optimization is likely to lead to further negative effects to energy efficiency and its growth rate. The rise in the proportion of clean energy in energy consumption structure has a positive effect on improving energy efficiency and its growth rate. Therefore,we believe that the future trend of industrial policy should be to change the status of irrational industrial structure,reduce its inhibitory effect on energy efficiency,and narrow the gap between industrial structural rationalization and optimization. The tendency of future energy policy should improve the proportion of clean energy consumption and substitute energy inputs from natural and other clean energy sources to promote energy efficiency and its growth.