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中文摘要：
为了解决VMI系统中供应商的总供货量不是整车量的整数倍问题，提出了零头策略。给出了零头策略的基本概念，通过数学规划设计了零头分配模型，描述了零头操作的选择方法，并根据Shapley值方法设计了零头策略的收益分配机制。通过算例说明：实施零头策略将会降低系统的运输成本。
英文摘要：
Oddment tactic is proposed in order to solve the problem that the total transportation quantity of a supplier doesn＇t meent full truckload requirement in a VMI system. The basic concept of oddment tactic is presented, designs oddment allocation models by mathematical programming, describes the selection method of oddment operation, and determines the reasonable benefit allocation mechanism of oddment tactic by using Shapley Value. The numerical study tells that the application of oddment tactic can reduce the transportation cost of VMI system.
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