中文摘要：

量化了金属矿露天开采的生态成本,包括直接生态服务价值损失、间接生态服务价值损失、预防和恢复成本以及能耗产生的碳排放成本.通过迭代算法把这些生态成本纳入境界优化,并以实例应用说明生态成本对境界设计结果的影响.结果表明,在矿山设计中内生化生态成本是可能的.考虑生态成本使境界优化结果变得很保守,盈利也大幅度降低.

英文摘要：

The ecological costs of open pit metal mining are quantified, which include lost value of direct eco-services, lost value of indirect eco-services, prevention and restoration costs, and cost of carbon emission from energy consumption. These ecological costs are incorporated in an iterative ultimate pit optimization algorithm. A case study is presented to demonstrate the influence of ecological costs on pit design outcome. The results show that it is possible to internalize ecological costs in mine designs. The pit optimization outcome shifts considerably to the conservative side and the profitability decreases substantially when ecological costs are accounted for.