中文摘要：

采用盆栽土柱试验研究不同施肥深度对水稻秧苗生物量、养分吸收及土壤养分分布的影响，以期为水稻育秧合理施肥提供理论依据。结果表明：播种后10天，各处理水稻生物量无显著差异；播种后20天，施肥深度1cm处理生物量与其他处理相比平均显著增加80．6％；播种后40天，施肥深度1cm和5cm处理与10cm处理相比分别显著增加70．9％和30．7％。养分吸收结果与生物量表现一致，播种后20天，施肥深度1cm处理秧苗氮、磷、钾素吸收量分别平均提高86．9％、156．9％和202．7％；播种后40天，施肥深度1cm和5cm处理与10cm处理相比分别增加52．3％和24．8％、23．8％和20．4％、50．5％和43．1％。随着生育进程的推进，土壤有效养分含量均逐渐下降，且有向下迁移的趋势；其中施肥深度1cm和5cm处理0～10cm土层中无机氮、速效磷、速效钾含量显著高于其他处理。适宜的浅层施肥明显促进水稻秧苗的生长发育，浅层施肥方式施人的速效养分主要集中于土壤上层，利于秧苗生长对养分的吸收，提高秧苗养分含量，增加养分吸收量，有利于提高养分资源利用效率。

英文摘要：

The effects of different fertilization depths on rice biomass and nutrition uptake and soil nutrient distribution were studied by using potting soil column experiment in order to provide theoretical basis for rice seedling rational fertilization. The results showed that biomasses had no significant differences among the treatments at 10 d after sowing, 1 cm treatment was 80.6% averagely higher than others at 20 d after sowing, 1 cm and 5 cm treatments were 70.9% and 30.7% higher than 10 cm treatment at 40 d after sowing, respectively. Nutrient uptake showed similar trend as biomass, compared with the 10 cm treatment, N, P and K absorbing amounts of 1 em and 5 cm treatments were increased by 52.3% and 24.8%, 23.8% and 20.4%, 50.5% and 43.1%, respectively. With the growth of rice, soil available nutrient contents decreased gradually and transferred down. Inorganic nitrogen, available phosphorus and potassium contents of 1 cm and 5 cm treatments were significantly higher than others in 0 - 10 cm soil layer. The available nutrients brought from shallow fertilization mainly concentrated in the upper soil, which can promote rice seedling growth, increase nutrient uptake and improve the nutrient status in seedling field.