中文摘要：

目的：探讨三七皂苷Rg1（notoginsenoside,Rg1）抗衰老的分子机制。方法：将90只SD大鼠随机分为3组：假手术组、模型组、治疗组。采用侧脑室注射β淀粉样蛋白1-42（Aβ1-42）联合腹腔注射D-半乳糖（D-gal）构建SD大鼠衰老模型,并同时给予三七皂苷Rg1预防性治疗,采用Morris水迷宫实验（MWM）进行空间学习记忆能力检测;用化学比色法检测海马谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）和总超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD）的含量;用免疫组织化学法和免疫印迹法（Western Blot）检测海马中caspase-3前体蛋白和Bcl-2的含量。结果：衰老模型组与假手术组比较：逃避潜伏期明显延长（P〈0.05）,在第Ⅲ象限逗留的时间明显减少（P〈0.05）,跨越平台次数明显减少（P〈0.05）;海马GR和T-SOD的含量降低（P〈0.05）,caspase-3前体蛋白阳性神经元数明显减少（P〈0.05）,caspase-3前体蛋白活化切割增加（P〈0.05）;而三七皂苷Rg1处理后：大鼠逃避潜伏期明显缩短（P〈0.05）,在第III象限逗留的时间明显增加（P〈0.05）,跨越平台次数明显增加（P〈0.05）,海马GR和T-SOD的含量升高（P〈0.05）,caspase-3前体蛋白阳性神经元数明显增加（P〈0.05）,caspase-3前体蛋白活化切割减少（P〈0.05）。而Bcl-2阳性神经元数及表达在三组之间差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：三七皂苷Rg1能通过上调衰老模型大鼠海马抗氧化物（酶）GR和T-SOD的含量、抑制凋亡相关蛋白caspase-3前体蛋白的活化切割,而改善学习记忆能力,对抗大鼠神经系统衰老。

英文摘要：

Objective： To underlying investigate anti-ageing molecular mechanisms of the notoginsenoside Rg1. Methods： Ninety rats were divided into three groups randomly： sham group, model group and treatment group. Aging rats model were established by injecting peritoneally D-Galactose （100 mg/kg） to the rats for 56 d and after 35 d aggregated Aβ1-42（μg） was injected to the right lateral ventricle of rats. Meantime, rats were treated by intragastric administration the notoginsenoside Rg1. Then experimental rats were examined spatial learning and memory with the Morris water maze（MWM）. The antioxidants of hippocampus including glutathione reductase （GR） and total superoxide dismutase （T-SOD） activities were examined by colorimetric method. The concentration of the pro-caspase-3 and Bcl-2 were examined by the immunohistochemistry and Western Blot methods. Results： The aging model rats exhibited significant an increase in escape latercies（P0.05）, while a decrease in the time of staying the third quadrants of platform, the number of crossing over a platform, the concentration of the GR, T-SOD and pro-caspase-3 as compared to sham group（P0.05）. After treatment of the notoginsenoside Rg1, the aging model rats exhibited significant an increase in the time of staying the third quadrants of platform, the number of crossing over a platform, the concentration of the GR, T-SOD, and pro-caspase-3（P0.05）, while a decrease in escape latercies as compared to control group（P0.05）. However, there were not significant difference in the expression of the Bcl-2（P0.05）. Conclusion： The results from our present study indicate that the notoginsenoside Rg1 could improve the oriented learning and memory capacity and prevent the neurodegeneration of central nervous systems in aging model rats by up-regulating the expression of the antioxidants（including GR and T-SOD） in hippocampus and resisting the cleavage of the pro-caspase-3.