中文摘要：

目的：探讨HLA-DRB1等位基因多态性与慢性髓性白血病（CML）关联性。方法：采用序列特异性引物聚合酶链反应（PCR-SSP）DNA分型技术对762例慢性髓性白血病患者（男性492例,女性270例）及2 264例正常对照进行了HLA-DRB1基因分型。结果：正常人群的HLA-DRB1＊15等位基因频率最高（17.25%）,其次为DRB1＊09（14.05%）、DRB1＊12（11.73%）和DRB1＊04（10.98%）,DRB1＊10等位基因频率最低（1.39%）。CML患者HLA-DRB1＊08等位基因频率显著高于正常对照组（7.48%vs 5.39%,χ2=8.963,OR=1.023,P=0.004）,男性患者的DRB1＊08基因频率也明显高于正常对照（7.72%vs 5.39%,χ2=8.059,OR=1.025,P=0.007）。女性患者的DRB1＊08基因频率也高于正常对照（7.04%vs 5.39%,χ2=0.115,OR=0.995,P=0.774）,但没有统计学差异。结论：CML男性患者HLA-DRB1＊08的表达明显高于正常人群,提示DRB1＊08可能是男性CML患者的易感基因。

英文摘要：

Objective：The aim was to explore the association between the HLA-DRB1 allele polymorphism and susceptibility to chronic myelogenous leukemia（CML） in Chinese Han population.Methods：The polymorphism of HLA-DRB1 alleles in 762 CML patients and 2 264 normal umbilical cord blood samples were tested by polymerase chain reaction with sequence specific primer（PCR-SSP）.Results：The most common allele in DRB1 locus in normal population was DRB1＊15（17.25%）,whereas DRB1＊10 was the least frequent allele（1.39%）.Compared with normal controls,the frequency of HLA-DRB1＊08 was significantly increased in all CML groups（7.48% vs 5.39%,χ2=8.963,OR=1.023,P=0.004） and CML male groups（7.72% vs 5.39%,χ2=8.059,OR=1.025,P=0.007）.But there was no significant difference between the normal controls and CML female patients.Conclusion：It should be concluded that DRB1＊08 could be considered a susceptible allele for CML male patients.