中文摘要：

目的分析福建省畲族人群和汉族人群结核病患者分支杆菌DNA指纹特征，探讨畲族人群结核病的分子流行病学特征。方法采用基于IS6110的PCR分型方法，对我省10个畲族乡镇调查点分离的50例畲族人群结核菌株和50例汉族人群结核菌株进行检测，用Gel-Pro analyzer 4．0软件和NTSYSpc2．10e软件对DNA指纹图谱进行聚类分析。结果100株结核分支杆菌共分为4个主要类型，其中Ⅰ型（北京基因型）59株占59％。Ⅱ型38株占38％，Ⅲ型2株占2％，Ⅳ型为1株占1％。汉族病例菌株指纹为Ⅰ、Ⅱ型，以Ⅰ型为主，占80％，畲族为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ型，以Ⅱ型为主，占56％；经χ^2分析，两族病侧菌株指纹的型别分布差异有显著统计学意义（P〈0．01）。Ⅱ型菌株耐药率（47．4％，18／38）与Ⅰ型菌株耐药率（20．3％，12／59）差异也有显著统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论畲、汉两族主要基因型不同，汉族人群以北京基因型（Ⅰ型）流行为主，而畲族人群则以非北京基因型（Ⅱ型）为主，该型菌耐药率明显高于Ⅰ型，提示与畲族人群结核病高疫情相关，有待于进一步研究。

英文摘要：

The IS6110-PCR fingerprinting method was used to investigate the DNA finger-printing correlation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis IS6110 between She and Han nationality in Fujian province in order to find out the molecular epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis in She nationality. Based on the IS6110-PCR fingerprinting pattern of 100 strains of M. tuberculosis isolated from these two nationalities, the genotypes of these isolated strains could be divided into 4 main types, in which 59 strains belonged to Ⅰ type （Beijing genotype） 38 strains were Ⅱ type, 2 strains were Ⅲ type and one strain was Ⅳ type, The DNA finger-printing patterns in Han nationality were Ⅰ and Ⅱtypes, mainly Ⅰ type accounting to 80%; whereas those of She nationality wereⅠ. Ⅱ, Ⅲand Ⅳtypes, mainly Ⅱtype accounting to 56%. As demonstrated by 2 analysis, significant difference in the DNA finger-printing pattern existed between these two nationalities in Fujian province （P〈0.01）. In addition, the rate of developing drug-resistance in Ⅱ type of strain of M. tuberculosis was rather higher than that of Ⅰ type[47.4% （18/38） vs 20. 3% （12/59）], suggesting that a connection should be considered on Ⅱ type of M. tuberculosis and the high prevalence of tuberculosis in She nationality.