中文摘要：

社会精英自晚清始便对乡村社会的建设与改良做出了积极而有益的探索，但由于存在着或多或少的缺陷最后均以失败告终。今日的农村建设与民国新乡村运动有着内在的历史渊源。在现代社会转型的大环境下，重提新乡村建设运动，溯本清源，让精英回归，通过逆城市化来承继传统、弘扬文化，重新追溯根植于乡土社会的道德、文化，形成新时代背景下对传统的传承，是新时期农村建设运动的最终出路。

英文摘要：

The elites in the late Qing Dynasty has made active and beneficial explorations in the construction and innovation of rural society, but they finally ended in failure for more or less defects. Rural construction today has historical relationship with the New Rural Movement in the Period of the Republic of China. It is the ultimate way of rural construction movement in the new period to reintroduce the new rural construction movement, to let elites return to society and inherit tradition by means of reversing urbanization and recognizing the rural morality and culture.