中文摘要：

嗅觉受体可以与气味分子发生特异性的相互作用,这一机理不仅在生物嗅觉系统分辨和识别气味的过程中发挥着重要作用,而且也为解决传统嗅觉传感器特异性低的问题提供新的途径。从仿生设计角度,利用嗅觉受体对其配体特异性识别的机理,提高嗅觉传感器的特异性。以嗅觉受体作为敏感元件,声表面波器件作为二级传感器,构建一种可用于特异性气味检测的新型嗅觉受体传感器。选择秀丽线虫嗅觉受体ODR-10作为生物识别元件,通过基因工程的方法,将其表达在人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7细胞质膜上,提取含有ODR-10的细胞质膜组分,将其涂覆在声表面波器件的敏感区域。结果表明,ODR-10可以有效地表达于MCF-7的细胞质膜上,用这种异源表达的ODR-10构建的仿生嗅觉传感器对ODR-10的配体丁二酮具有很高的灵敏度,并具有很好的特异性。实验结果证实,这种基于嗅觉受体的仿生嗅觉传感器不仅适用于特异性气味检测,也适用于筛选特异性的嗅觉受体-配体对,将进一步推动嗅觉传导机理研究的进展。

英文摘要：

High specific interactions between olfactory receptors and odorant molecules play an important role in the discrimination and recognition of various odorants in biological olfactory systems.This mechanism may also provide novel approaches for improving the specificity of conventional gas sensors.Inspired by the biomimic design,this study attempted to improve the specificity of gas sensor by using olfactory receptors as sensitive elements.The novel olfactory biosensor employed the surface acoustic wave（SAW） device as the secondary sensor to detect specific gas molecules.An olfactory receptor protein of C.elegans,ODR-10,was heterologously expressed on the membrane of human breast cancer cell line MCF-7.Then the crude membrane extracts of MCF-7 containing ODR-10 was coated on the sensitive region of SAW.The interactions between ODR-10 and various odorant molecules were monitored by recording the frequency shift of SAW.The experimental results indicated that ODR-10 could be expressed on the membrane of MCF-7 and gas sensors with ODR-10 showed specific responses to diacetyl（2,3-butanedione）,which is known as a natural ligand for ODR-10 receptor.All the results demonstrated that the specificity of gas sensor could be improved by using olfactory receptor proteins.It provides a novel method for improving gas sensing technologies as well as for screening specific olfactory receptor-ligand pairs,which can consequently advance the progress of research on olfactory transduction mechanisms.