中文摘要：

采用水热法在普通载玻片上热解醋酸锌生成的ZnO种子层上制备ZnO纳米棒，采用x射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、分光光度计等测试手段详细研究了醋酸锌热解温度对ZnO纳米棒的结构和光学性质的影响．结果表明：纳米棒的结晶质量、端面尺寸、宏观应力和透射率与醋酸锌热解温度有密切关系．随着热解温度的增加，ZnO纳米棒具有的C轴择优取向性先增强后减弱，拉应力先减小后增大，可见光区的平均透射率先增大后减小．热解温度为350。C时，ZnO纳米棒c轴择优取向性最强，拉应力最小，平均透射率最大．端面尺寸诱导的表面散射是影响ZnO纳米棒可见光区平均透射率的主要机制．

英文摘要：

ZnO nanorods are fabricated by hydrothermal method on glass substrates that are covered with a ZnO seed layer by the thermal decomposition of zinc acetate. The influences of the thermal decomposition temperature on the structural and the optical properties of the obtained ZnO nanorods are carefully studied by using X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy and spectrophotometry. It is found that the crystalline quality, head-face dimension, macro stress, and transmissivity are found to be dependent on the thermal decomposition temperature. The （002） c-axis-preferred orientation of the obtained ZnO nanorod is first enhanced and then weakened; the macro tensile stress first decreases and then increases; the average transmissivity first increases and then decreases as thermal decomposition temperature increases. When the thermal decomposition temperature reaches 350 ~C, the c-axis preferred orientation is strongest; the tensile stress is smallest; the average transmissivity in the visible region is maximal for the obtained ZnO nanorod. The surface scattering induced by the head-face dimension is the key mechanism of the average transmissivity of the obtained ZnO nanorod in the visible region.