中文摘要：

通过免疫组织化学方法,应用CD3、CD4和CD8单克隆抗体研究了CD3＋、CD4＋和CD8＋B淋巴细胞在鸡直肠中的出现、迁移、组织定位分布以及数量变化规律等一系列发育过程。T淋巴细胞均在雏鸡出壳后7日龄时出现。在定位分布变化上,出壳后1～4日龄时,T淋巴细胞数量没有明显增加,7日龄时,CD4＋大量分布在肠绒毛皮下固有层中,少量分布在黏膜肌层和黏膜固有层中,CD3＋分散分布在黏膜肌层和黏膜固有层中,极少数的CD8＋出现在黏膜肌层中。随着日龄的增长,T淋巴细胞的数量持续增多,多数位于黏膜固有层,雏鸡生长至21日龄时,T淋巴细胞的数量维持稳定,其中数量以CD4＋细胞最多,CD3＋细胞次之,CD8＋细胞最少。鸡出壳后初期直肠的体液免疫逐渐增强,并在21日龄时达到成熟水平。

英文摘要：

The occurrence,migration,tissue localization and quantity changes of CD3＋,CD4＋ and CD8＋ T lymphocytes in chicken rectum were examined with the CD3,CD4,and CD8 monoclonal antibodies by immunohistochemical method.The results showed that T lymphocytes cells first appeared at 7-day-old.The quantity of T lymphocytes didn’t increase obviously at 1-4 day-old hatched,CD4＋ T lymphocytes mainly distributed in lamina propria of subcut aneous in intestinal villus,small quantity distributes in muscularis mucosae and lami-na propria mucosae at 7-day-old,CD3＋ T lymphocytes distributed in muscularis mucosae and lamina propria mucosae,small quantity of CD8＋ T lymphocytes distributed in muscularis mucosae.T lymphocytes kept increasing with the increase of age,large quantity distributes in mucous layer,and reached stable at 21-day-old.Among the three types,the number of CD4＋ cells was the most and CD8＋ were the least all the time.The results confirmed that the humoral immune function of rectum in chicken strengthened quickly after hatching,and reached the mature level at 21-day-old.