中文摘要：

研究了大黄鱼与黄姑鱼正反交F1原肠早期胚胎细胞及其亲本头肾细胞的染色体核型,为深入剖析大黄鱼与黄姑鱼杂交后代的基因组构成提供了细胞遗传学证据.大黄鱼与黄姑鱼染色体组均含有48条端部着丝粒染色体,染色体组型公式均为2n=48 t,染色体臂数均为NF=48,组内染色体长度分布连续.两亲本物种间核型很相似,未找到鉴别两物种的细胞遗传标志.正反交F1原肠期胚胎细胞的染色体众数也均为48,均可较好地配为24对.结合前期AFLP分析结果可以推断,正反交胚胎细胞均同时含有一个大黄鱼染色体组和一个黄姑鱼染色体组.此外,杂交F1中的非整倍体比例与两亲本没有明显区别,初步表明杂交胚胎细胞未发生明显的染色体丢失.在黄姑鱼♀与大黄鱼♂杂交F1中出现4对非t-染色体,原因尚待查明.

英文摘要：

To determine the genomic composition of the interspecific hybrid between Larimichthys crocea and Nibea albiflora at an early developmental stage,early gastrula embryos produced from reciprocal hybrid crosses and cells from head kidney of two parent fish were sampled and analyzed using standard karyological methods.Chromosomes were arranged in the karyotypes according to decreasing total length.Both large yellow croaker and yellow croaker genomes consisted of 48 telocentromeric chromosomes.No significant cytogenetic marker was found to distinguish the karyotype of these two species,for the continuous length intragenomes and similarirty of the chromosome morphology inter genomes.The modal numbers of reciprocal hybrid F1 gastula were also 48 as their parent.The proportions of aneuploid in both reciprocal hybrid groups showed no obvious difference from their parent,which suggested that there were no detectable chromosome loss in the hybrid cells and the hybrids consisted of two 24-chromosome genomes.The two genomes were confirmed as a genome of large yellow croaker and a genome of yellow croaker by AFLP analysis in both reciprocal hybirid crosses in previous study.The chromosomes in the hybrid cells from both reciprocal crosses could be paired well,indicating that the genomes of two parent shared high degree of similarity.In addition,4 pairs of chromosome in N.albiflora♀×L.crocea ♂ cross presented morphological characteristic quite different from both parents.Further research is needed to reveal the reasons contribute to the phenomenon.The hybrids consisted two whole genome from both parents would serve as good material for genome comparative study for large yellow croaker and yellow croaker.