中文摘要：

类比推理是从两个（类）对象的相似性和一个（类）对象的已知特征推出另一个（类）对象也具有这个特征的过程。文章回顾了类比推理的概念界定、实验任务设计；综述了类比推理的影响因素；重点介绍了类比推理的发展理论。在此基础上提出未来研究应在以下方面加强：（1）A：B：：C：D任务项目间关系的特定化；（2）实验任务的改进；（3）研究的生态化；（4）对类比推理任务的关系复杂性进行合适的理论分析。

英文摘要：

Analogical reasoning is generally defined as a process that individual infers the characteristics of one object based on the known characteristics of another and their similarity. The present paper reviewed the definitions, design of experimental task, described the factors influencing on analogical reasoning and introduced developmental theories of analogical reasoning. Finally, new trends pertaining to the future research of analogical reasoning were discussed as follows： （1） unitary relation within items in A：B ：： C：D task; （2） improvement of experimental task; （3） ecological study; （4） task analysis with appropriate theory.