中文摘要：

利用1990-2010年间的数据，通过基尼系数和不平衡指数比较分析中国煤炭资源分布、配置与经济发展要素的时空演化和匹配关系。煤炭资源一经济发展要素基尼系数表明，1990-2010年间中国煤炭资源空间分布呈现出极不协调的特点，而相对完备的交通运输体系会降低煤炭资源禀赋的区域差异；煤炭资源一经济发展要素不平衡指数表明，中国煤炭资源的分布、配置与经济发展要素之间缺乏有效的平衡性，通过煤炭资源配置可以改善煤炭资源与经济不平衡程度．提高煤炭资源利用的均衡性。

英文摘要：

According to the fact of inconsistency of the temporal and spatial matching between coal resources and economy development elements, the author used the data of 1990--2010 to analyze the temporal and spatial configuration and matching relationship between China＇ s coal resources distribution, elements of economic development by the Gini coefficient and the imbalance index. The Gini coefficient of coal resources and elements of economic development shows that： the distribution of coal resources shows the characteristics of uncoordinated during the period of 1990--2010, but the relatively complete transportation system could reduce the regional differences of coal resources ; the imbalance index of coal resources and economic development factors showed that the distribution and allocation of coal resources, economic development factors in China＇ s seven regions is not balance, and have differences, but the allocation of coal resources could improve the coal resources and economic imbalances, improve the balance of the utilization of coal resources.