中文摘要：

开发国民经济并且足够地使用水资源和水力发出的电力资源，与超过 200 m 的高度，很多高拱门水坝是并且将在中国被造。尽管拱门水坝有好机械行为，仍然在水坝，复杂地志、地质的条件，可怕的环境和高紧张地震由于巨大的水压力和高压力水平有失败可能性。作为有关高拱门水坝的安全的三个主要方面之一，全球破坏上的学习，在另外的二个方面在文学，和研究进展被详细描述，也就是，失败风险和高拱门的本地损坏建水坝，将在这份报纸被考察。在最近的年里，高拱门水坝的失败风险被调查了，并且为识别水坝失败风险因素的模型被建立了。基础恶化和强烈地震是为高水坝失败的主要风险来源，这被显示出。与差错树方法，高拱门水坝的失败模式和失败概率被学习，并且为决定失败模式的原则和精明的失败概率的方法被建议。同时，为高拱门水坝的可接受的风险标准的决心原则被建议，并且可接受的风险率和各种各样的风险损失的可接受的标准价值被给。为拱门水坝的本地损坏，本地损坏在材料水平属于力量失败，这被指出。拱门水坝的本地失败机制上的学习被考察，基于理论从传统的力量损坏力学的理论和中央力学理论。瞄准裂开，为涂的裂缝模型和分离裂缝模型的高具体的水坝的本地失败的主要模式，在分析方法的研究进展和裂开的标准被总结，并且预防措施的研究调查结果测量因为本地失败被显示出。

英文摘要：

To develop national economy and use the water resources and hydropower resources sufficiently, a lot of high arch dams, with the height of more than 200 m, have been and will be built in China. Although arch dams have good mechanical behavior, there is still failure possibility due to the huge water pressure and high stress level in dam, complex topographic and geologic conditions, formidable environment and high intensity earthquake. As one of the three main aspects concerning the safety of high arch dam, the study on global destruction, has been elaborated in the literatures, and research advance in the other two aspects, namely the failure risk and local damage of high arch dams, will be reviewed in this paper. In recent years, the failure risk of high arch dams has been investigated, and the model for identifying dam failure risk factors has been established. It is shown that the foundation deterioration and strong earthquake are the major risk sources for high dam failure. With the fault tree method, the failure mode and failure probability of high arch dams are studied, and the principle for determining failure mode and the method of calculating failure probability are proposed. Meanwhile, the determination principle of acceptable risk standard for high arch dam was pro- posed, and the acceptable risk rate and the acceptable standard value of various risk losses were given. For the local damage of arch dam, it is pointed out that the local damage belongs to the strength failure at material level. The study on local failure mecha- nism of arch dam is reviewed, based on the theories that from traditional strength theory to damage mechanics and me- so-mechanics theory. Aiming at the cracking, the main pattern of local failure of high concrete dam, the research advances in the analysis methods and cracking criteria for smeared crack model and discrete crack model are summarized, and the research find- ings of preventive measures for local failure are shown.