中文摘要：

本文在论述社区参与式森林资源管理（CBNRM）基本原理和我国的发展实践的基础上，建立了农户参与森林资源管理影响因素的概念模型，即农民的参与感知、当地的民主情况、地方认同感、参与态度、参与能力、参与行为等6个变量。其次，运用结构方程模型，结合西安周至县农村入户调查数据，对模型进行了实证分析和验证。结果显示，农民的参与感知、地方认同感对农民的参与态度具有显著的正向影响，农民的参与态度、民主情况和参与能力对其参与行为有显著的正向影响等，最后提出了对社区赋权、建立沟通的平台和渠道、能力建设等提高农民参与森林资源管理的相关建议。

英文摘要：

The conflict between the conservation and utilization of forest resource is serious in China. Upon the basic theories of community participatory forest management and the practices in China, the paper sets up a conceptual framework for the factors influencing the rural households participating the forest management, and the factors includes the participation perception, local democracy, community cohesion, participation attitudes, participation capacities and participation behaviors. Then the paper makes an empirical research with the Structural Equation Model upon the rural household survey. The results show that the participation perception and community cohesion have positive impacts upon the participation attitudes, while the participation attitudes, local democracy and participation capacities have positive impacts upon the participation behaviors, etc. Then the paper proposes some suggestions such as giving rights to the community, setting up the communication channel, improving the communities＇ capacities, etc.