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中文摘要：
水凝胶对于环境微小的物理化学刺激，如温度、pH值、离子强度、电场、磁场、光、压力等能够通过感知和自身作功来响应外界环境变化，因此水凝胶具有“智能凝胶”、“软性机械”之称。在众多外界响应条件中，电场由于易操作易调控等优点使得电场响应水凝胶具有更广阔的应用前景。本文对近年来已见报道的几类典型的电场敏感水凝胶进行了较为详细的综述。同时介绍了静电场、渗透压等电场敏感水凝胶的响应机理及其在人工爬虫、化学阀和仿生驱动器等方面的应用。
英文摘要：
Hydrogels can respond to the environmental changes by recognizing and then self-working under slight stimulation of physical and chemical environment, such as temperature, pH degree, ionic strength, electric field, magnetic field, light, pressure, etc. So it is called ＂smart gel＂, ＂soft mechanism＂. Electric field enjoys many obvious advantages, such as operating easily and regulating conveniently, which makes the electric-field-sensitive hydrogels have a broad prospect and potential application. In this paper, the recent researches on several typical electric-field-sensitive hydrogels are reviewed. The response mechanism about electrostatic field and osmolality as well as the applications in artificial worm, chemical valve and bionic actuator are also introduced.
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