中文摘要：

采用高功率激光束单次冲击3种厚度（1.3 mm,1.7 mm,2.1 mm）的2024铝合金薄板靶材,利用STSS-1应力检测模块采集靶材背面应变片的动态与静态应变信号,并用XRD技术检测了靶材表面残余应力.建立了2024铝合金薄板靶材激光冲击波加载模型,并利用该模型描述了靶材内部应力波结构及传播规律,解释了冲击区域残余拉应力产生的原因.结果表明,激光冲击2024铝合金薄板靶材时,激光诱导的冲击波和约束层对冲击波的反射波透射到靶材内部各部位的应力波具有不同的特性和强度变化规律.激光功率密度远超出2024铝合金最佳激光功率密度范围和靶材厚度较薄这2个条件同时存在是冲击区域残余拉应力产生的根源所在.

英文摘要：

2024 aluminum alloy sheets with three different thicknesses were shocked by means of a single laser shock processing.Static and dynamic strain signals from the strain gauges on the back of the target were measured by STSS-1 stress test module.Residual stresses of target surfaces were measured by XRD.The loading model by the laser shock waves in 2024 aluminium alloy sheets was established,the stress wave propagations and stress wave structures inside the targets were described, and the reasons of generating residual tensile stress in the impact areas were explained.The results indicate that laser shock waves reflected and transmitted have different properties and intensities at the different places of target surfaces.When the laser power density is far beyond the best power density range of 2024 aluminum alloy and the target material is thin enough,the tensile residual stresses are generated.