中文摘要：

采用一步水热回流法,选取对苯二胺（PPD）对氧化石墨烯（GO）进行还原与改性处理,制备了功能化还原氧化石墨烯（GOP-X）.采用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）及X射线衍射（XRD）等研究了PPD与GO的反应作用类型及结构变化.结果表明,随着PPD与GO质量比的增加,GOP-X层间距（d值）先增大后减小,GOP-X共轭结构逐渐恢复,与溶剂分子作用时,层间距增幅呈减小趋势,并最终趋于恒定.PPD单体与GO反应时存在3种键合类型：（1）GO含氧官能团和PPD分子之间的氢键作用（C—OH…H2N—X）;（2）质子化PPD与弱酸性GO带负电位置之间的离子键作用（—COO^-H3^＋N—X）;（3）PPD中氨基（NH2）与GO含氧官能团之间形成的共价键作用.与GO中羧基（COOH）的酰胺化反应将先于与环氧基（C—O—C）的亲核取代反应.提出了相应的作用机理.

英文摘要：

The p-phenylene diamine（ PPD） were selected as reducion and modification agent to prepare functionalized and reduced graphene（ GOP-X） by one-step simple refluxing method. Infrared spectrum（ FTIR）,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（ XPS）,X-ray diffraction（ XRD） and UV-Vis absorption spectrum were used to investigate the reaction types and structure changes between PPD and graphene oxide（ GO）. The results show that the d-spacing of GOP-X layers increases firstly and then decreases with the increase of X（ the mass ratio of PPD and GO）,and the conjugated structure gradually restored; when the solvent molecular interaction,the amplification of the d-spacing decrease to a steady figure. Three types of bonds between PPD and GO were proposed：（ Ⅰ） hydrogen-bonding interaction between the oxygen-containing functional groups of GO and the PPD molecules（ C—OH … H2N—X）;（ Ⅱ） ionic bonding in protonating amine by the weakly acidic sites of the GO layers（ —COO^-H3^＋N—X）;（ Ⅲ） covalent bonding from amidation and nucleophilic addition reactions between the amie in PPD（ NH2） and the oxygen containing groups of GO. Furthermore,the NH2 prefers to react first with the carboxyl group（ COOH） and then with the epoxide group（ C—O—C）,and the relative action mechanisms were also described.