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中文摘要：
从西安地铁隧道工程背景和西安地裂缝地质环境出发,根据相似理论设计马蹄形隧道衬砌结构40°斜穿地裂缝的物理模型试验。结构模型混凝土应变、纵向和环向钢筋应变、结构外围土压力、结构内部收敛位移、模型顶表面土体变形以及宏观变形破坏现象表明：整体式马蹄形隧道衬砌结构40°斜穿地裂缝时其破坏模式为扭转、弯曲、剪切变形破坏,变形破坏不对称;衬砌混凝土环向裂缝主要分布在上盘区0.83D（D=1.8 m）、下盘区1.11D;纵向裂缝主要分布在上盘区1.11D、下盘区（1.94～2.22）D;下盘结构变形破坏范围和程度要高于上盘。马蹄形隧道结构在40°斜穿地裂缝时,宜采用分段方式来应对扭转、弯曲、剪切变形,应加强结构抗扭设计,扩大断面或提高混凝土强度等级来应对剪切变形。
英文摘要：
Based on the engineering background of Xi＇an metro tunnel and the geological environment of Xi＇an ground fissure, the physical modeling experiment for horseshoe-shaped tunnel lining structure crossing the ground fissure with 40° is designed according to the similarity theory. The strains of concrete, longitudinal and circumferential reinforced bars, the peripheral soil pressure, convergence displacement of lining structure model, the soil deformation on the top of model and other macroscopical phenomena of deformation and damage are studied. It is shown that the deformation and damage style of monolithic horseshoe-shaped tunnel lining structure crossing the ground fissure with 40° is asymmetric with distortion, bending and shearing. The concrete circumferential crack range is 0.83D（D = 1.80 m） in the hanging side region, and 1.11D in the lying side region. The concrete longitudinal crack range is 1.11D in the hanging side region, and（1.94 -2.22）D in the lying side region. The damage degree of structure in the lying side region is more serious than that in-the hanging side region. The segmentation of lining structure shoud be used to fit the distortion, bending and shearing in the horseshoe-shaped tunnel crossing the ground fissure with 40°. Antitorque means should be used in the structure design, and the enlargered cross-section and high-performace concrete should be used to resist the shearing deformation.
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