中文摘要：

病毒颗粒蛋白表达调节因子（regulator of virion protein expression，Rev）是人免疫缺陷病毒1型（human immunodeficiency virus type 1，HIV-1）转录过程中不可缺少的调控蛋白。Rev与病毒mRNA的Rev应答元件（Rev response element，RRE）相互作用，加速mRNA向核外转运。Rev缺乏或者不能进入细胞核，未剪接和部分剪接的mRNA将在核内完全降解，导致HIV-1的复制被阻断。Rev在HIV-1复制周期中起着重要的反式调节作用，是艾滋病药物研究的新靶点之一。本文综述了Rev蛋白的结构、功能以及针对Rev-RRE作用机制的相关抑制剂的研究进展。

英文摘要：

HIV-1 Rev is an indispensable regulatory factor of the virion protein expression. The interaction between Rev and RRE RNA accelerates the nuclear export of viral mRNA. The unspliced and singly spliced mRNA will be degraded in the absence of Rev, resulting in the interception of HIV-1 replication at the same time. The pivotal role that Rev plays in HIV-1 replication as a trans-acting factor makes it a new target in the research of AIDS drugs. In this review, the function of Rev, Rev-RRE interaction, as well as their related inhibitors are reported.