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中文摘要：
反褶积是叠前地震数据处理中的重要环节,反褶积效果的好坏很大程度上依赖于地震子波的准确性.早期的反褶积处理大多数都是基于Robinson提出的平稳褶积模型,即地震子波是时不变的,但实际上由于地下介质的吸收衰减作用,地震子波是随时间不断变化的,这说明要进一步改善反褶积,使用时变的地震子波是必要的,因此本文提出了一种从地震资料中直接提取时变子波的方法.具体地,首先对单道地震数据做S变换求出其时频谱,进而得到其时变振幅谱,然后利用谱模拟技术从求得的地震记录振幅谱中拟合出每一时刻的子波振幅谱,在子波是零相位假设的前提下,拟合出的时变子波振幅谱即是所求频率域的时变子波,本文最后利用正演的单道地震记录和实际资料分别验证了所求频率域时变子波的准确性.
英文摘要：
Deconvolution technology is an important part of prestack seismic data processing,and deconvolution is good or bad depends heavily on the accuracy of the seismic wavelet.Early deconvolution is based on stationary convolution model which is time-invariant proposed by Robinson.But in fact due to the absorption and attenuation effect of subsurface media,seismic wavelets constantly change with time,which indicates that in order to enhance the deconvolution results,using timevarying wavelet is necessary.Therefore in this paper,an approach has been proposed that can get time-varying wavelet from seismic data.Specifically,obtain time-frequency spectrum from single-channel seismic data using Stransform,and then simulate the time-frequency spectrum of time-varying wavelet using spectral modeling technique. The time-frequency spectrum can present the time-varying wavelet that we need under zero-phase wavelet assumptions.At last,we confirm the accuracy of the time-varying wavelet obtained by the method in this text using single-channel seismic recording forward modeling and actual data.
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