中文摘要：

依据聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）薄膜的热释电效应，设计了一种新型的微型热释电发电机．介绍了该发电机的基本结构和工作原理，完成了该发电机的相关实验，并采用有限元方法对该发电机在不同温度差下的输出特性进行了分析．实验结果表明，该发电机的输出电压随匹配电阻的增大而增大．而输出电流反之，并且在20℃和40℃温差下最大瞬时输出功率分别为208μw和475μw．仿真结果表明，随温差的增大，温度随时间的变化率也会增大，并且在20℃和40℃温差下相应的开路电压为689V和1380V，通过实验论证了该发电机可以作为能量采集的有效手段．

英文摘要：

Based on the pyroelectric effect of polyvinylidene fluoride （PVDF） film, a new micro pyroelectric generator was designed. The basic structure and working principle of the generator were introduced, corre- sponding experiments were completed and output characteristics of the generator under different temperature differences were analyzed through finite element method. The experimental results showed that the output volt- age increased with the increase of the matched resistance and the output current was vice versa. The maximum instantaneous output power under 20℃ and 40 ℃ temperature difference was 208 μW and 475 μW, respec- tively. The simulation results show that with the increase of the temperature difference, the changing rate of temperature with time increased. The respective open-circuit voltage under 20 ℃ and 40℃ temperature difference was 689 V and 1380 V. The simulation and experiment proved that the generator could be used as an effective means of energy harvesting, which would give guidance for further research in the future.