中文摘要：

利用改良甲苯胺蓝组织化学方法,观察产蛋期母鸡卵巢和输卵管各段内肥大细胞的形态,并阐述肥大细胞在产蛋期母鸡卵巢和各输卵管中分布定位特点.结果肥大细胞广泛分布于母鸡生殖道中,在固有层和外膜均观察到紫红色的肥大细胞.卵巢中,肥大细胞主要分布于皮质的结缔组织、髓质的基质、正常与闭锁的卵泡膜中;输卵管内,肥大细胞分布于黏膜上皮下的固有层、固有层结缔组织、管状腺间、环行肌与纵行肌肌纤维间和小血管周围.各组织中单位视野下肥大细胞数量从高到低依次为：卵巢、漏斗部、阴道部、膨大部、子宫到峡部.表明卵巢中的肥大细胞的分布有助于自身分泌的组胺等物质迅速作用于卵巢,从而激活卵泡的发育等功能;而在输卵管中的分布及数量差异变化则与输卵管各段在生殖系统中的功能相关.

英文摘要：

The improved method of toluidine blue histochemistry was used to observe the morphology of the mast cells in the ovary and every part of the oviduct of laying hens, as well as to elucidate the characteristic of location and distribution of mast cells in above sections. The results showed that the mast cells were widely distributed in the tractus genitalis of laying hens, they could be found along the subepithelium of mucous, the lamina propria and outer membrane. In the ovary, mast cells were mainly locted in the connective tissue of the cortex, the stroma of the medulla, the normal and atretic follicles. In the oviduct, the mast cells distibuted along the subepithelium of mucous, connective tissue of lamina propria. Mast cells were also present around interstitial gland tissue, blood vessels and the annular longitudinal muscle fibers. The number of the mast cells in one unit field of view of the reproductive system was as follow ： Ovary 〉 Infundibulum 〉 Vagina 〉 Magnum 〉 Shell Gland 〉 Isthmus. The results stated that distribution of the mast cells in ovary contributed to that the substance secreted by mast ceils could quickly act on ovary and activate the devolopmental function of the ovarian follicles. The distribution and change of account of mast cells were associated with the function of every part of the oviduct in reproductive system of laying hens.