中文摘要：

自闭症谱系障碍是儿童发展过程中的一种身心疾病,在全球范围内引起了广泛关注。然而,到目前为止,人们仍未能找到自闭症发病的确切原因。神经心理学研究尝试从多个角度解释自闭症的成因,提出了心理理论缺陷、执行功能缺陷以及中枢性统合不足等理论假说。镜像神经元的发现为人们了解自闭症谱系障碍的病因提供了启示。行为学研究显示,自闭症儿童存在社会交往障碍,在情绪识别和动作意图理解方面表现出困难。有关人类镜像神经系统的脑成像研究发现,自闭症儿童在完成动作模仿和情绪识别任务时,其镜像神经系统的激活模式异常。这些研究表明,自闭症可能与镜像神经系统的功能不足有关。

英文摘要：

Autism spectrum disorders（ ASD）,a disease in children＇s development,attract worldwide attention. However,the exact cause of autism has not yet been found. Europsychology,attempting to explain the cause of autism from various dimensions,has put forward such hypotheses as defects in the Thoery of Mind,executive function defects,and lack of central coherence. The discovery of the mirror neuron system（ MNS） offers a valuable way to explain the cause of ASD. Behavioral study demonstrates that children with autism show barriers to social interaction,as well as difficulty in emotion recognition and the understanding of behavioral intentions. By means of brain imaging techniques,research has found that children with autism show an abnormal mode of activation in the MNS when they complete the tasks of action imitation and emotion recognition. According to the research results,autism is likely to be associated with the functional deficits of the MNS.