中文摘要：

药物相关线索是指与药物使用同时出现,并导致药物依赖者在其日后出现时产生心理渴求感、引发药物寻求和复吸行为的刺激信号和情境因素.已有研究分别从经典条件作用、病态成瘾记忆、药物奖赏环路等方面阐述相关线索诱发心理渴求的机制.新近的脑成像研究发现,镜像神经系统等感觉运动脑区在相关线索诱发心理渴求感的过程中也扮演了重要角色.这些研究说明,药物依赖行为涉及全脑的动作、情绪、认知加工的改变.药物依赖的研究趋向会越来越重视各脑区之间的功能联系,以帮助人们真正理解药物依赖形成和戒断、复吸等相关行为的神经生理基础及其机制,并找到相应的治疗方法.

英文摘要：

Drug-related cue is defined as discrete stimulus and context elements paired with drug use, which can trigger craving and drug-seeking behavior even after a period of abstinence. This article introduces three types of drug cues and neurophysiological base for them. Cue-induced craving were elaborated from conditioning, reward effect, aberrant memory in existing study. Recent fMRI study implies the role of the mirror neuron system and other sensorimotor cortex in the forming process of cue-induced craving. It suggests that drug craving and reinstatement are complex procession underlies whole brain circuit of reward, memory and executive control. The role of functional connection between relevant brain regions can facilitate the understanding of the neural substrate and mechanism of addiction, and find an appropriate treatment in clinical application.