中文摘要：

目的：从人格和认知功能两个角度探讨药物成瘾者的去抑制性特征，试图了解去抑制性在药物成瘾行为中所扮演的角色，是作为影响成瘾行为产生的因素，还是作为成瘾行为导致的结果。方法：采用巴雷特冲动性量表（BarrattImpulsivityScale，BIS）和感觉寻求量表（SensationSeekingScale，SSS），对227例药物成瘾者和100例年龄、性别、智商相匹配的对照组进行去抑制性人格测试；采用2一back任务、连续操作测验（ContinuousPe~ormanceTask，CPT）、爱荷华赌博任务（IowaGamblingTest，IGT）对所有被试进行认知神经功能测试。结果：成瘾组去抑制性人格得分高于对照组（BIS，SSS）；认知功能测试中，在2-back任务反应时间、漏报率，CPT反应时间、漏报率，两组间差异皆有统计学意义：对4组不同成瘾时间长度的成瘾者进行去抑制性人格及认知控制功能的方差分析发现，4组间差异没有统计学意义；去抑制性人格变量和认知功能各变量无显著相关性。结论：去抑制性（人格特征和认知功能）是药物成瘾者的显著特征，且可能会较大程度地影响到成瘾行为的发生。去抑制性认知功能与去抑制性人格特征没有显著的相关性。

英文摘要：

Objective： To explore the impulsivity of drug dependence from personality and cognitive function, and try to find out whether the impulsivity is the causal factor or the result of drug abuse. Methods -We evaluated samples of drug dependent （DD） individuals residing for over 1 month in rehabilitation centers （ n = 227 ） and age and gender matched, non - drug using controls （ NDC ） （ n = 100） in Guangdong province, China. All participants were assessed with a battery of paper and pencil and computerized assessments of impulsivity, sensation seeking, cognitive functioning, and decision - making, which include 2 - back task, Continuous Performance Task （CPT） and Iowa Gambling Test （ITG）. Results： DD individuals were reported higher impulsivity than NDC individuals in the self- report personality scale. For the cognitive function, 2 - back task reaction time and comission error showed significant difference between the groups; there were no significant differences for the disinhibited personality and cognitive disinhibited among four different groups which were different in the length of drug dependence. No significant correlation was found between self- report disinhibited personality and cognitive disinhibition. Conclusion：Impulsivity and cognitive disinhibition are the main characteristics of drug dependent individuals, and disinhibited personality could be the one of the predictable factor of drug abuse. There is no significant correlation between disinhibited personality and cognitive disinhibition.