基于分布式认知理论,从“个人力”、“地域力”、“文化力”三个层次构建农户土地流转认知的影响因素理论框架,利用“武汉城市圈”典型地区土地流转调查数据构建结构方程模型(Structural Equation Model, SEM ),定量分析各影响因素在农户土地流转认知中的作用。研究证实:不同农户认知群体之间存在不同流转认知偏好,“无文化的老农民”相对于“有文化的年轻职业者”在土地流转认知中更加保守;农户对土地的需求普遍偏向土地的资产属性和财产权利,农村土地流转具备内在动力;然而,出于对土地社会保障功能的需求,农户不会因为其家庭生产方式和经济来源明显脱离土地而产生强烈的土地转出愿意,农户的家庭生计条件及“土地情节”在一定程度上制约了土地流转;村镇干部“取信于民”是农户获得“安全感”,克服风险规避心理促进土地流转认知的最重要因素;流转价格是对农户在土地流转中物质与精神“双重损失”的资金补偿,两者的匹配程度对农户的认知具有重要作用。在此基础上,得出要规范流转程序、健全流转监督机制、保护农民利益,加强农村社会保障制度建设以确保农民获得公平的社会保障,加快推进和支持农村教育以提高农村劳动力素质,建立和完善土地流转制度保障和农业经营扶持机制等政策启示。
According to distributed cognition theory, three factors ( personal power, regional power and cultural power) are mainly addressed in mapping a theoretical framework in regard to the influence factors of farming households' land conversion cognition. Structural Equation Model (SEM) is modeled based on typical areas of Wuhan Urban Circle, which provides quantitative analysis on how these factors affect farming households' cognition regarding to land conversion. First, peasants' attitude on land conversion vary from individuals to individuals. The elderly illiterate farmers seems to be more conservative than the young professionals. Second, the farming households prefer to the asset attributes and property rights when they consider their land demands, and this illustrates the intrinsic motivation within rural land conversion. However, it seems households are reluctant to assign their land, as a result of the social security function of land. Their living conditions and land plot will restrict the process of land conversion. We also find that the most important factor which help farming households to reduce risks is that village officials can gain the trust of the people, which can promote their cognitive of land conversion. All in all, conclusions are stated as follows: ①Regulate the procedure and improve the supervision mechanism to protect the interests of the peasant household. ②Strengthen the construction of rural social security system. ③ Accelerate and support rural education to improve rural laborer skills. ④Establish and improve the protection of land conversion system and the support mechanism of agriculture management.