中文摘要：

目前流域排放权交易制度在国外流域污染控制方面发挥着越来越重要的作用，我国也开始流域排放权交易的试点研究。然而，在流域实施排污权交易制度，关键问题是解决流域初始排污权的分配问题，因为流域初始排污权的分配是流域排污权交易制度的起点和基础。因此，建立了基于经济最优性和公平性的流域初始排污权分配模型，并以太湖流域为例进行了实证分析。

英文摘要：

The initial allocation of basin emission quota is the starting point and foundation of the emissions trading system. It is the key for the trading of emission quota. The initial allocation of Taihu Lake Basin emission quota is related to the economic development of the cities and the environmental conditions, and it further relates to production cost of enterprises of the cities as well as the amount of future emission quotas that can be traded. In this paper, modeling and simulation approaches are used to analyze the initial allocation of emission quotas. The feasibility of the allocation model in Taihu Lake Basin is shown, based on the simulation study of both economic optimality and fairness of allocation.