中文摘要：

为筛选出一种从牛凝固血中高效获得基因组DNA的方法，本研究选择64个凝固血样，分别进行匀浆破碎和手动剪碎的预处理，结合酚一氯仿抽提和试剂盒提取方法，提取基因组DNA，并选择抗凝血作为参照，对试验耗时、DNA数量和质量进行比较。结果表明：通过对牛凝血块进行匀浆破碎预处理，不仅缩短了蛋白酶K的消化时间，而且获得了高质量基因组DNA，浓度和纯度均达到抗凝血提取效果（P〉0．05）。酚-氯仿提取法相比试剂盒法，虽然得到更多量的DNA，但是DNA质量下降，而且试验耗时增加。本研究证实，匀浆破碎预处理后的牛凝固血样可以作为高质量基因组DNA的样本来源，并可替代抗凝血，解决生产中抗凝血不易获得和采集的问题。

英文摘要：

Abstract： In order to obtain an efficient method to extract DNA from bovine coagulated blood, 64 coagulated blood samples were either grinded using homogenate instrument or manually cut into pieces, and then genomic DNA were extracted using the phenol-chloroform method and the commercial DNA extraction kit method. To compare the efficiency of different methods, the time consumption, quantity and quality of the genomic DNA were analyzed, taking quality of DNA extracted from anti-coagulated blood as reference. With the pretreatment of homogenate instrument, digestion time was shortened and high quality genomic DNA was successfully obtained from coagulated blood. The quantity and purity of DNA extracted from coagulated blood using modified method had no significant difference comparing to that of DNA from anti-coagulated blood （P〉0. 05）. Larger amount of DNA was harvested when the phenol-chloroform method was applied on coagulated blood, however, the purity of DNA was not as good as that extracted using the commercial DNA extraction kit and the phenol-chloroform method costs more time. This study demonstrated that bovine coagulated blood pretreated by homogenate instrument could be a feasible source of high quality genomic DNA. Then coagulated blood, which is easier to collect, can be an alternative type of blood samples to facilitate the situation when anticoagulant blood sample is not available.