中文摘要：

本研究采用2008年国家统计局针对城镇居民和外来务工人员进行的调查数据，研究劳动参与、儿童照料双重责任对于城镇和移民已婚男女身心健康的影响。研究结果表明：在承担工作和儿童照料双重责任过程中城镇已婚男女几乎不存在性别差异，只工作就会增加其精神压力，工作、并且家中有7—12岁儿童对女性精神压力的边际影响最大，而男性则是工作、并且家中有0-6岁儿童对其影响最大：外来务工人员在承担工作和儿童照料双重责任过程中仍存在引人注目的性别差异，妇女仍然是儿童照料责任的主承担者，参与市场劳动并未减少其家庭责任。

英文摘要：

Based on the data of Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey （CLHLS） , this study makes an examination of the impact of the labor force participation and child care on the physical ＆ mental health of married males and females. The result shows there is no dramatic gender difference in the engagement of paid jobs and child care for the urban residents. Jobs can bring about mental stress to both married males and females However, females feel more mental stress when they need work outside and care for the child of 7-12 years old in the family at the same time, while paid work and care of the child of 0-6 years old in the family have greatest marginal effect on males＇ stress. On the contrast, there is dramatic gender difference between migrant workers： females still take the main responsibility of child care, and paid work in the labor market does not reduce their house work while males only undertake very limited house work and child care.