中文摘要：

为了考察在各种附着系数的路面上，电涡流缓速器处于不同档位对汽车制动性能的影响，分析了理想的汽车前、后车轮制动力分配曲线与前、后制动器制动力分配曲线之间的匹配关系。引入了能够反映制动性能的制动力利用率概念，根据不同的匹配关系，推导出了对应的制动力利用率算法。针对某轻型客车，采用数值分析方法分析了当缓速器处于各档位时制动力利用率与路面附着系数的关系。研究结果表明：当缓速器工作时，随着路面附着系数的增加，制动力利用率呈现先增后减的趋势；当缓速器工作在低档时，路面附着系数在0．06～0．81内，制动力利用率都在90%以上，随着缓速器档位的增加，制动力利用率呈现下降趋势，应尽量避免缓速器长时间工作于最高档。

英文摘要：

When vehicle was on the roads with different road adhesion coefficients, the influence of eddy current retarder at different gears on vehicle braking performance was investigated. The ideal braking force distribution curves of front and rear wheels and front and rear arresters were studied, and their matching relations were analyzed. The concept of braking force utilization was introduced to reflect braking performance, and the braking force utilization algorithms were deduced based on different matching relations. When the retarder of a light passenger car was at different gears, the relation between braking force utilization and road adhesion coefficient was analyzed based on numerical analysis method. Study result indicates that when retarder works, braking force utilization first increases and then decreases with the increase of road adhesion coefficient. Braking force utilization is above 90% when retarder is at low gears, and road adhesion coefficient is between 0.06 and 0.81, the braking force utilization has a downward trend with the increase of retarder gear, so retarder should not be working at the highest gear for long time. 5 figs, 14 refs.