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中文摘要：
采用坩埚下降法生长了尺寸为2mm×70mm的0．80Na1／2Bi1／2TiO3-0．20BaTiO3（0．80NBT-0．20BT）无铅铁电单晶。通过X射线荧光分析研究了晶体中的分凝现象。结果表明：该单晶沿其纵向生长方向由顶部至底部，BaTiO3（BT）含量逐渐增加，晶体棒底部BT含量为32．15坂摩尔分数，下同），而顶部BT含量为14．26％。XRD分析表明：室温下晶体棒为四方相钙钛矿结构。随着BT含量增加，室温下晶体[001]方向的介电常数减小，去极化温度升高。位于晶体棒中间部位的晶体样品0．81NBT-0．19BT的压电性能最佳，室温下该样品在[001]方向的电学性能指标分别为：压电系数d33=158pC／N，机电耦合系数ki=0.463。
英文摘要：
A 0.80Na1/2Bi1/2TiO3-0.20BaTiO3（0.80NBT-0.20BT） lead-free ferroelectric single crystal 12 mm in diameter and 70mm in length was successfully grown by the Bridgman technique. The segregation phenomenon in the crystal along the growth direction was investigated by X-ray fluorescence analysis. The results show that the BT content in the crystal increases along the growth direction. The BT contents in the crystal are 32.15% （in mole, the same below） in the top and 14.26% in the bottom, respectively. X-ray diffraction shows that the grown crystal has a pure perovskite structure with tetragonal symmetry in both the bottom and top parts. The permittivity at room temperature decreases and the depolarization temperature increases with the increase of BT content. The 0.81NBT-0.19BT crystal derived from the middle part of the crystal boule has optimized ferroelectric properties, and the permittivity d33 and electromechanical coupling factor kt of the crystal in the [001] direction are 158 pC/N and 0.463 at room temperature, respectively.
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