中文摘要：

美国国家环保局（USEPA）制定并发布的1623方法是目前国际上常用的水中隐孢子虫和贾第鞭毛虫标准检测方法，该方法存在成本高、回收率低等缺陷。各国研究者试图通过考察其他水质指标与两虫的相关关系来寻找两虫密度和活性的有效替代指标，以间接反映两虫在水体中的存在水平，其中包括浊度、颗粒计数等物理学指标以及细菌、细菌孢子、病毒、噬菌体等生物学指标。虽然还未得出具有普遍性的结论，但研究表明颗粒计数、好氧孢子等有可能成为有效的两虫替代指标。

英文摘要：

The 1623 method was edited and promulgated by USEPA. It is the most commonly used method for detection of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in water. Because the method has the shortages of high cost and low recovery, many researchers are investigating the relationship between protozoan and other water quality index to find proper substitute index in density and activity of Cryptosporidium and Giardia, including turbidity, particle counts, bacteria, bacterial spores, virus and phages, etc. Therefore, the protozoan existing in water can be shown indirectly. Although commonly accepted conclusion has not yet been obtained by now, researches indicate that particle counts and aerobic spores may be reasonable substitute index of protozoan.