中文摘要：

目的建立快速检测献血者中丙型肝炎病毒（hepatitis C virus，HCV）感染的方法。方法利用体外转录制备的HCV RNA转录体进行病毒RNA抽提方法及抽提效率的比较；将RNA转录体与正常血清进行不同数目的混合，对最佳混合标本数进行了摸索；建立HCV荧光定量PCR方法（fluorescence quantitative PCR，FQ—PCR），并对献血者进行混合标本HCV核酸检测。结果确定了比较理想的病毒RNA抽提方法；用于HCV核酸检测的混合标本数为24例；建立的荧光定量PCR方法能最低检测出10个copies／ml；采取24例混合血标本方法，FQ—PCR检测HCV RNA，576例ELISA检测HCV阴性的献血者未检测出HCV RNA。结论初步建立了献血者HCV感染的混合标本荧光定量PCR检测方法。

英文摘要：

Objective To establish a rapid screening method for HCV infection in blood donors. Methods In vitro HCV RNA transcripts were prepared and used as the templates to compare the RNA extraction method and efficiency, and also used to search for the optimal number of serum sample pool by mixing with normal serum. Fluorescence quantitative PCR （FQ-PCR） was established and was carried out for the detection of HCV infection among blood donors. Results Optimal extraction method of HCV RNA was identified. Pool sizes chosen for screening of HCV nucleic acid was 24 donations. The lowest detection limit of established FQ-PCR was 10 copies/ ml. None of 576 HCV ELISA negative sera was detectable positive for HCV RNA. Conclusion FQ-PCR screening method is established for HCV RNA detection of pooled samples.