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中文摘要：
可控／“活性”自由基聚合能有效控制聚合物的分子量及其分布，并且能调控其微观拓扑结构。聚丙烯腈及其共聚物具有良好的成纤成膜性能，是一类应用十分广泛的聚合物。本文综述了可控／“活性”自由基聚合法合成聚丙烯腈及其共聚物的研究现状与进展，从氮氧自由基法（NMP）、引发转移终止剂法（iniferter）、原子转移自由基聚合（ATRP）和可逆加成-断裂链转移（RAFF）聚合等方面对丙烯腈均聚物和共聚物的合成研究作了全面的总结，提出了存在的问题，并且对今后的研究方向作了展望。
英文摘要：
Controlled/living radical polymerization is a versatile method, by which the molecular weight, polydispersity and architectures of polymers can be controlled effectively. Polyacrylonitrile （PAN） and its copolymers have been widely used in many fields due to their excellent fiber-and membrane-forming properties. This review highlights the progress in synthesis of PAN and its block copolymers through controlled/living radical polymerization by addressing the mechanisms of nitroxide-mediated polymerization （NMP）, iniferter, atom transfer radical polymerization （ATRP） and reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer （RAFT） polymerization. It also offers some suggestions as to future development and remaining challenges in this topical area.
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