中文摘要：

目的研究不同ICU医院感染的特点,制定相应的预防控制措施,降低医院感染率。方法使用SPSS17.0和SAS 9.1对不同ICU医院感染率和感染部位构成进行描述性分析,采用ALOS调整法矫正患者病情的严重程度。结果 2010年1月-2012年6月共16 006例入住ICU≥48h的患者,总住院15 4597d,发生医院感染1653例、2816例次,感染率为10.45%、例次感染率为17.59%、日感染率10.69‰、日例次感染率为18.22‰;感染部位以呼吸系统感染最高,占47.41%,其次为血液系统和泌尿系统;不同ICU医院感染常见部位构成,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论不同ICU医院感染率、感染部位、器械相关感染率不同,有助于感染专职人员制定不同的预防和控制措施,尤其对经验性和预防性用药提供指导。

英文摘要：

OBJECTIVE To explore the characteristics of nosocomial infections in different ICUs and put forward corresponding prevention and control measures so as to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections.METHODS The incidence of nosocomial infections in different ICUs and the constituent ratios of infection sites were determined with the use of SPSS17.0 and SAS9.1,and the severity of diseases of the patients was adjusted by using ALOS method.RESULTS Of totally 16 006cases of patients with the length of ICU stay more than 48hours who were hospitalized from Jan 2010 to Jun 2012,with the total hospitalization duration of 15 4597days,the nosocomial infections occurred in 1653cases（2816case-times）with the infection rate of 10.45% and the case-time infection rate of 17.59%,the daily infection rate was 10.69‰,and the daily case-time infection rate was 18.22‰.The constituent ratio of the respiratory system with infections was the highest（47.41%）,followed by the blood system with infections and the urinary system with infections;the difference between the constituent ratios of the common sites with nosocomial infections in the ICUs was significant（P0.01）.CONCLUSIONThe incidence of nosocomial infections,infection sites,and incidence of device-related infections vary in the different ICUs,which may facilitate the development of prevention and control measures by the professional infection control personnel and provide guidance for empirical and prophylactic use of antibiotics.