中文摘要：

通过对山西清代历史文献资料的搜集、整理和分析,对该地区霜雪灾害的等级、周期及其成因进行了研究。清代山西共发生霜雪灾害252次,其中轻度80次、中度125次、重度47次。霜雪灾害变化可分为4个阶段,公元1644-1703年为第1阶段,1704-1823年为第2阶段,1824-1883年为第3阶段,1884-1911年为第4阶段。其中第1,3阶段为灾害多发阶段,强度较大,以中度和重度霜雪灾为主;第2,4阶段为灾害少发阶段,强度较弱,以轻、中度灾害为主。小波分析表明,清代霜雪灾害主要有2～3 a周期、15 a周期和40 a周期。降雪或寒流引起的气温骤降至0℃以下是造成山西霜雪灾害的主要原因。轻、中度霜雪灾害的温度范围为-6.4～-1℃,重度为低于-6.4℃。山西清代共发生3次寒冷气候事件,出现在1669-1672,1690-1699和1830-1836年;2次异常寒冷灾害年,分别是1653和1892年,寒冷气候事件和异常寒冷灾害年给人们的生命和财产带来了巨大损失。

英文摘要：

Through collection and analysis of the historical documents and data in Qing Dynasty, this paper studies the degree, period and reasons of the frost and snow disasters in Shanxi. There were 252 frost and snow disasters in this province in Qing Dynasty, in which mild, moderate and serious disasters are 80, 125 and 47 respectively. The frost and snow disasters can be divided into four stages. The first stage is from 1644 to 1703, the second stage is from 1704 to 1823, the third stage is from 1824 to 1883 and the fourth stage is from 1884 to 1911. The first and third stages are stages when the disasters happened frequently, and most of which are moderate and serious. The second and fourth stages are stages when the disasters happened occasionally, and most of which are mild and moderate. According to wavelet analysis, the disasters mainly have three periods of 2 -3 a, 15 a and 40 a in Shanxi in Qing Dynasty. The main reason for the disasters to occur was the sudden temperature decrease below 0℃. The light, moderate disaster temperature range is -6.4℃ to -1℃, and severe disaster temperature range is -6.4℃ and lower. There occurred three cold climate events in Qing dynasty in 1672, 1690 - 1699 and 1830 - 1836, respectively, in which two unusual These events brought about great losses of people＇ s lives and properties. Shanxi, which appeared disaster years were dunng 1669 - 1653 and 1892.