中文摘要：

为对塔里木河干流上游地区的土壤盐渍化的变化状况进行监测,选择研究区1999年TM、2002年ETM＋和2004年ASTER等3期春季遥感影像和基础背景数据,基于RS、GPS、GIS及数据库等信息技术,并采用图属一体化、多源数据无缝集成的建库思想,通过分类体系划分、信息解译处理、变化类型建立及野外验证等方法,对研究区土壤盐渍化的时空演变趋势进行了定性定量分析。结果表明：1）研究区内土壤盐渍土总面积持续增加,裸土地、水域等土地类型面积逐年减少,靠近河道、水库附近的土壤盐渍土改善状况较好,而远离水源的土壤盐渍土分布呈无规律性变化状态;2）研究区内土壤盐碱土强度明显减弱。重盐渍土面积由1999年的6.89×10^5hm^2下降为2004年的6.06×105hm^2,年变化率为-2.43%;中盐渍土面积由原来的2.20×10^5hm^2增至4.23×10^5hm^2,年变化率为18.42%;轻盐渍土面积呈波动变化状态,逆转现象频频发生,恶化与改良状况并存,但改善速度远大于恶化速度;3）研究期间,整个研究区的生态环境趋于好转,综合治理工程的实施对区域盐渍土逆转、生态环境改善起到了决定性的作用。

英文摘要：

This research attempts to collect and monitor the soil salinization in the upper stream of Tarim River on the basis of the multi-source and multi-type remote sensing images and basic background data in the springs of 1999,2002 and 2004 respectively,by applying the information technologies of remote sensing（RS）,global positioning system（GPS）,geographic information system（GIS）,and massive data warehouse.The investigated data are collected,reclassified,stored and managed in a special warehouse built on the theory of the integrative spatial and attribute data,seamless integration of multi-source and multi-type data.temporal spacial change trend of the soil salinization were analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively.The results showed that the total area of salinized soil continued to increase in the research area,but the areas of bare lands and waters decreased year by year,and the salinized soils closed to the channels and the reservoirs improved more than that far away from any possible water sources,which scatter was small spots and variedirregularly in the land;The degrees of the saline-alkali soil in the target zone obviously became gradually weaker from the spring of 1999 to that of 2004 as a whole.The heavily salinized soil averagely decreased from about 6.89x105hm2 in area in the spring of 1999 to about 6.06x105hm2 in that of 2004 by 2.43% yearly;instead,the moderately salinized soil increased from about 2.20×10^5hm^2 in area in the spring of 1999 to 4.23×10^5hm^2 in that of 2004 by yearly 18.42% on average;while the mildly salinized soil frequently varied like waves between two extremes of cultivatable and salinized ones,with a far higher pace of improving than that of the worsening one;to sum up,the water treatment project played a decisive and significant role in improving the salinized soil in this region,growing the area of none salinized soil,decreasing the area of heavily salinized soil and then promoting the ecological environment in the research region in this research.