为完善水库对生态补偿效益计算,文章首先给出水库生态基流补偿效益概念和内涵。同时,提出河流径流生态积分概念和计算公式来度量河流径流生态效益大小;在此基础上,给出量化计算水库生态基流补偿效益计算方法和步骤。最后,以黄河龙羊峡和刘家峡水库2003年调度为例,计算结果显示:2003年龙刘梯级水库对兰州站和花园口站非汛期的生态基流补偿效益分别为177.7亿和289.4亿生态积分;龙刘梯级对兰州和花园口两站的生态补偿效益合计为467.1亿生态积分,龙羊峡对于兰州站和花园口站生态基流补偿效益为318.8亿生态积分,刘家峡对于兰州站和花园口站生态基流补偿效益为148.3亿生态积分。文章旨在通过对黄河生态基流补偿的定量分析,引起有关决策部门对河流生态基流补偿问题的重视,达到抛砖引玉的目的。
In order to improve the computation of ecological compensation benefit of reservoir regulation,first,the conception and connotation of basic ecological flow compensation(BEFC) benefits of reservoirs is given in this paper.Second,the conception and calculation formula of river ecological mark are put forward for measuring the ecological benefit of river flow.Based on this,a method and procedure are brought forward for quantitative calculation of BEFC benefits of cascade reservoirs.Finally,taking Longyangxia and Liujlaxla cascade reservoirs on Yellow River as a study case of demonstration,the calculation result shows that in the no-flood seasons of 2003 these two reservoirs provided BEFC benefits of 17.77 and 28.94 billions ecological marks to Lanzhou station and Huayuankou station,respectively.Of the total 46.71 billions,31.88 billions came from Longyangxia reservoir,and the other 14.83 billions from Liujiaxia reservoir.The quantitative calculation of BEFC benefits for Yellow River in this paper indicates the importance of paying a great attention to the study of river BEFC benefits.