中文摘要：

目的：调查黑龙溪中水生丝孢菌资源并比较其在旱季和雨季有何异同。方法：2013年3月和7月从黑龙溪中采集沉水腐木各50份,采用保湿培养法对水生真菌进行培养,基于形态学特征对水生真菌进行鉴定。结果：共分离鉴定出48种水生丝孢菌,旱季30种,雨季23种,旱季和雨季共有种5种,共有种分别为Ellisembia bambusicola、Helicosporium guianense、Helminthosporium velutinum、Phaeoisaria clematidis、Rhinocladiella schulzerii。旱季水生丝孢菌多样性指数明显高于雨季水生丝孢菌多样性指数（3.67 vs 2.32）。结论：黑龙溪中水生丝孢菌的多样性与季节变化有关,旱季中获得的水生丝孢菌更多。

英文摘要：

Objective： To investigate the diversity of freshwater hyphomycetes from Heilong Stream and compare their differences in occurrence during the dry season and rainy season. Methods： 50 samples were collected from each season, moist chamber incubation method was used to incubate the fungi and the fungus were identified based on the morphological characters. Results： A total of 48 species of freshwater hyphomycetes were identified： 30 species from dry season, 23 species from wet season. Ellisembia bambusicola, Helicosporium guianense, Helminthosporium velutinum, Phaeoisaria clematidis, Rhinocladiella schulzerii were found during both the seasons. The diversity index of freshwater fungi at dry season is higher than wet season （3.67 vs 2.32）. Conclusion： The diversity of freshwater hyphomycetes in Heilong Stream closely related to the season changing and more species diversity was observed during dry season.