中文摘要：

房颤是最常见的心律失常，有关其电生理研究热潮正在不断兴起。从体表心电抽取患者房颤期间的心房活动信号是无损研究房颤电生理机制的第一步，也是最重要的一步。介绍了近年来心房活动信号提取的新方法和应用，简要比较和分析了各自的优点和不足，并展望了该领域的研究方向和临床应用前景。

英文摘要：

Atrial fibrillation（AF） is the most common arrhythmia encountered in the clinical practice. The electrophysiological researches about AF have been developing in recent years. Atrial activity extracted from surface electrocardiogram（ECG） during AF episodes is first and the most important part of noninvasive research of electrophysiologic mechanism of AF. This paper comprehensively introduces the new methods in the area and their applications. The advantages and insufficiencies of these methods are briefly compared. Foreground of this field and the prospect of its clinical application are reviewed.