中文摘要：

中国古代的名辩思想,在不同的历史阶段,其视域重点也在不断地发生变化。从其自身的发展演变来看,中国古代名辩思想大体可以分殊为“命名辨物”的名实视域、“名分大义”的刑名视域、“才性物理”的名理视域、“言意之辨”的言意视域等。在这些不同的名辩视域中,逐渐形成了一种“辩名析理”的名辩方法。这种方法也影响到宋代,理学家运用这种方法,重视剖析“名义界分”,强调名与名之间的区别与联系,并以此作为推理方法的依据。近代学者曾将“辩名析理”与“逻辑分析法”相联系,并试图运用这种方法改造中国传统思想。如何评价这种改造并反思传统名辩方法的特殊性,是时代赋予的课题之一。

英文摘要：

The belief in the differentiation of names in ancient China experienced different historical stages and its scopes witnessed endless changes. Its evolution has been through the stages that focused on the name-reality scope in which names were used to differentiate objects, the forensic name scope in which names were used as entitlement, the descriptive scope in which names were used to body forth the nature and underlying laws of objects, and the semantic scope in which names and meanings were analyzed dialectically. Across the various scopes, we find the methodology about the differentiation of names and meaning gradually came into shape. This methodology survived into Song Dynas- ty and influenced the rationalists in Song Dynasty in their emphasis on the classification of names and meaning, the con- nections and differences between names, and the use of this kind of classification as the basis of logical reasoning. Re- cent scholars used to try to connect the practice to analyze rules according to the differentiation of names with the method of logical analysis, intending to apply this approach to the reformation of China＇ s traditional thoughts. To evaluate this kind of reformation and the uniqueness of the traditional methodology in the differentiation of names is a mission given by our time.