中文摘要：

基于食品特征价格需求模型,考量城镇居民和农村居民对蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化合物三种常量营养元素的效用评价,结果显示,相对高收入人群对食品的营养程度和安全度更加重视,相对低收入人群对价格更为敏感。食品安全问题相关的新闻报道统计数据表明,监管力度强并不能完全杜绝食品违规生产行为,消费者尤其是低收入消费者对食品中必需品的需求,会为企业过度压低生产成本提供空间。鉴此,应从需求角度考虑食品安全治理问题,提高低收入消费者的收入水平,是对加强监管力度的重要补充。

英文摘要：

Based on theoretical model for food demand, this paper estimates the urban and ru- ral residents＂ marginal utility of protein, fat and carbohydrate. The results show that, consumers with lower income are more sensitive to price factors. Based on the data released by the food safe- ty news, food regulation cannot rule out illegal food production. The demand of low income con- sumers for necessities provide opportunity for firms to get profits from the lower cost production. Therefore, it is necessary to regulate food safety from the demand side. Improving the income of lower income consumers is one essential measure to strengthen food supervision.