中文摘要：

我国刚性社会矛盾是指21世纪以来，由社会结构性因素造成的，涉及社会成员生存利益的，其冲突的强度与手段的烈度具有高对抗性的，解决方式越出常规制度化渠道的，有可能引发社会风险的，一种具有利益群体、利益集团对抗性冲突的重大社会矛盾。这类矛盾是我国生产力与生产关系发展到特定阶段的产物。尽管这类矛盾性质依然属于人民内部矛盾，但其与改革初期以个体之间的矛盾纠纷为主体的柔性矛盾有较大区别。同时，刚性社会矛盾大多数属于社会转型中的矛盾，是改革开放的伴生现象与社会转型的成本，也是改革探索中试错法付出的代价，其与在一个社会的没落期产生的矛盾具有不同属性。只要加以科学对待，刚性社会矛盾是可以化解的。

英文摘要：

Rigid social contradictions refer to those major social contradictions appeared since the beginning of this century, which was generated by social structural factors, and involved the survival interest of the social members. The intensity and means of these conflicts are featured by high antagonism, with solutions out of conventional institutionalized channels. These contradictions may trigger social risks because of the kind of antagonistic conflict among interest groups. This kind of contradictions ：are the results of the development of productivity and production relations at a specific stage. Although they are still the internal contradictions among the people, they are totally different from flexible contradictions that mainly happened between individuals at the beginning of the reform. Rigid social contradictions happen in the social transformation period, and are the accompanying phenomenon of the reform and open-up policy. It＇s a cost of the social transformation, and also the cost we have to pay for mistakes during the reform process. These contradictions are different from those in the declining period of a society. Rigid social contradictions can be resolved if we treat them scientifically.