中文摘要：

研究了电动汽车接入电网（V2G）提供备用服务与备用资源的优化配置问题。首先,建立了V2G备用服务的市场交易机制,并提出一种能够准确估计V2G备用服务实时可调度容量的等效变换方法。然后,以机会约束规划反映负荷波动、发电机停运、V2G出力偏差等随机性因素,构建了考虑备用经济性、可靠性及碳排放的多目标竞价模型。接着采用交互式决策方法处理该多目标优化问题,并结合随机模拟与改进粒子群算法进行求解。最后,进行了仿真分析,仿真结果证明了所提等效变换方法与备用服务多目标竞价模型的有效性。

英文摘要：

The provision of vehicle-to-grid（V2G）reserve and the optimal allocation of reserve resources is studied.Firstly,the market trading mechanism of V2 Greserve is developed,on the basis of which a kind of equivalent transformation capable of exactly estimating the real-time available power capacity of V2 Gis proposed.Secondly,chance constrained programming is adopted to reflect such stochastic factors as load fluctuation,unit outage and V2 G output errors,and a bidding model considering economics,reliability and carbon emission is developed.Thirdly,an interactive optimization method is used to deal with the multi-objective model,which is solved by an advanced particle swarm optimization algorithm combined with stochastic simulation.Finally,simulation is conducted,and the results show the validity of the equivalent transformation method as well as the multi-objective reserve bidding model.